This is a living archive last updated
06/23/2026

An application was submitted by JPG Redevelopment LLC on 2/9/2026 for a hyperscale data center comprising 7.1 million square feet in 9 buildings to be constructed at the old Jefferson Proving Grounds in Jefferson County, Indiana. The total investment, estimated power and water consumption, and end user all all protected as trade secrets at this time. 

Since The Jefferson County Unified Development Ordinance does not define data centers (omission by commission) this mega project has been subjectively classified as a permitted use comparable with warehousing in the industrial zone. This means there is no notice requirement to adjacent property stakeholders or anyone else for that matter. Surprise!

The issuance of the Improvement Location Permit on 2/25/2026 raises serious concerns. A timely Administrative Appeal was filed with the BZA with a public hearing held on 5/20/2026. More than 1,000 concerned citizens attempted to attend the hearing. Many standing in the rain, only to be turned away at the door for capacity limits. Not everyone had an opportunity to be heard. 

The BZA denied the appeal and an Judicial Review was filed on 6/19/2026 by four Petitioners in Ripley, County Superior Court Cause No. 69D01-2606-RA-000001.

The Following timeline is listed in reverse chronological order 

June 2026

(Click the + to expand the following sections)

A MORATORIUM ON DATA CENTERS has been requested on all new Data Center applications with the Jefferson County Plan Commission. An important note: A Moratorium will not stop the JPG permit (our fight moves to the court), or any new applications accepted. This is why it is important to implement the Moratorium as soon as possible. Those living in Madison and Hanover city limits need to pressure your city plan commission and city council to mirror the county with a data center moratorium, now. Call for others to attend meetings and call for action.
 
FUTURE MEETINGS ON DATA CENTERS
We have requested any further public meetings on data centers will be held at an appropriate venue, like a school auditorium or gym. It is up to our commissioners to grant any such requests.
 
UPDATES WILL BE PROVIDED AS NEW COMMITTEES ARE FORMED.
Please realize there are only handful of volunteer citizens handling this entire movement. The website will be updated as soon as possible. We wear many hats around here. There will be growing pains along the way. Thank you for your patience and continued support in this effort to protect our community!

JUNE 2026

MAY 2026

(Click the + to expand the following sections)

Our Jefferson County leaders must have missed your memo on that transparency talking point.

You are absolutely correct. We deserve real measurable benefits, not more promises you fail to deliver.

Laureen White Post
Brawn Response on Data Centers
The BZA VOTES NO TO THE APPEAL
We are all more than disappointed with the decision made by our BZA after a tortuous 5-1/2 hour hearing in a too small venue with blocked cellular service and no wifi to live stream.

Really, how could the BZA vote any differently than no on the appeal? Admittedly, the first one they have had. When the board asked the county attorney for advise, he instead delivered a 15-minute testimony and what amounted to closing arguments defending the permit (that he prepared) for the new administrator to sign (where the timing of his appointment is in question).

So, were do we go from here?
 
AN ADMINISTRATIVE COURT APPEAL will be filed within the 30-days appealing the BZA’s determination. Interested individuals will join the action and be represented by their attorneys. We will be forming a separate private JPG Legal Defense group to share updates, help with research, and a way to donate for legal fees.
 

5/20/2026 Jefferson County BZA Hearing

Appealing the JPG Permit Issued as a Warehouse without Notice or Opportunity

You did it Jefferson County! Over 1,000 people showed up and tried to attend. Over 100 people signed up to speak. We broke public engagement records, setting new highs. Together, we are inspiring others to step up, speak up, to protect and reclaim their communities. Thank you!

Many concerned citizens and supporters from neighboring counties stood in a continuous long-line in the rain only to be turned away at the door for capacity limits; many lost any opportunity to speak. In case you didn’t experience in person, our county officials were truly shocked and totally unprepared for such an outpouring.

last updated 5/19/2026

The BZA will hold a Public Hearing on the JPG Data Center on Wednesday, 5pm May 20, 2026
at the Jefferson County, IN Fairgrounds
3767 W State Road 256, Madison, IN 47250

This is the ONLY opportunity for our community to voice concerns to the Board of Zoning Appeals on the planned 7.1 Million Sq. Ft. JPG Hyperscale Data Center at the Old Jefferson Proving Grounds and near the National Old Oaks Nature Refuge. 

ATTEND THE HEARING IN PERSON

Don’t want to speak?  NO Problem! Just showing up speaks loud and clear!

OR SUBMIT COMMENTS in advance of the hearing as follows:

Email: taylor.baulac@jeffersoncounty.in.gov or Phone: 812-274-3928

BZA-Agenda 5-20-2026
The Jefferson County Council reneged on their vote to table the vote designating JPG an ERA zone until their June meeting. Instead, they scheduled special meeting to move up the vote to the day before the BZA Appeal Hearing. Yes, the 7.1 million sq.ft. data center already issued a permit is included in the desolate land in need of revitalization. Councilman Ray Black’s pants burst into flames when he advised the council the ERA had to be passed right then and there or the state could come and take 80% of the tax revenues generation. When in fact, the state has no such authority. It appears Mr. Black was consulting with the private IEDC on how to utilize the ERA “tool” to benefit those connected to the project at the expense of the taxpayers with lack of public oversight. The council voted 6-1 to approve it. Find out more.

MARCH 2026

(Click the + to expand the following sections)

Please do your own research on this project and its profound impact on our community, our county, and even surrounding counties. Attend the hearing and present your questions and concerns.

FEBRUARY 2026

(Click the + to expand the following sections)

JPG Hyperscale Data Center Approved by Jefferson County

Although the project is zoned Industrial (I-2), the community deserves to be a part of the development permitting process determine if existing local resources, such as power, electric, and fire protections are adequate to sustain the community without additional cost or strain. Do the plans address protecting the health, safety, and welfare of everyone impacted by this mega project?

Our county plan commission recently updated their UDO (Unified Development Ordinance) to include additional site and development  protections for industrial solar and battery energy storage systems (BESS).

These protections came only after the community united in demanding accountability from Orion on their planed Idlewild Solar project and our county officials. 

For some unknown reason at the time, our plan commission failed to define data centers. Now we know why. The county is claiming data centers are a  permitted use under the Industrial zoning even though a hyperscale data center is not the same in comparison to the industrial uses defined in the nice new ordinance. 

Since the JPG grounds is zoned I-2, the county administrator has approved it as a permitted use that does not require public notice or a hearing. However, data centers are vastly different from an industrial warehouse, as defined in the UDO. 

Ironically, we turn to AI to help us cogently distinguish what a hyperscale data center actually is, and more importantly, what it is not:

What is the Jefferson Proving Grounds?

For those unfamiliar, the Jefferson Proving Ground spans roughly 55,000 acres across Jefferson, Jennings, and Ripley counties. It was a massive Army weapons testing site for decades and still contains areas with unexploded ordnance and some contamination. Parts are now wildlife refuge, some military use, and some redevelopment-eligible land.

Because it’s huge, remote and largely undeveloped, it’s exactly the kind of place big tech looks at for hyperscale data campuses. And those are not small operations.

We’re talking facilities that can pull as much power as a small city, sometimes hundreds of megawatts to over a gigawatt. That level of demand requires new transmission lines, substations, and sometimes even new power generation. Those costs and upgrades rarely stay confined to one county line. They ripple across entire utility regions. So even if a data center sits 30–40 miles away, surrounding counties can feel it through grid expansion and potential rate pressure.

With a lack of transparency on this project, the citizens deserve answers and enforceable reassurances from our county officials BEFORE moving forward:

 Who pays for new power generation and transmission upgrades if a hyperscale facility comes in?

  • Will regional electric rates rise to support that infrastructure?
  • What tax abatement or incentives would be offered, and for how long?
  • How many permanent local jobs would actually result?
  • What infrastructure burdens fall on surrounding counties that may not receive tax revenue from the site?
  • How would water usage and environmental concerns be addressed given JPG’s history?
  • Would this trigger additional industrial build-outs across nearby rural areas?

 

And one more very important question:

Have any local officials, economic development groups, utilities, or regional planners signed NDAs or similar confidentiality agreements related to potential development at Jefferson Proving Ground?

If yes, the public deserves to know that discussions are happening, even if details are limited.

If not, why are local officials not speaking publicly about whether this type of project is being explored?

These projects reshape regions for decades.

Power grids, tax structures, land use and growth patterns all shift when hyperscale data infrastructure arrives. Indeed, this is resource extraction disguised as innovation.

Silence helps no one. Transparency helps everyone.

Credit and thanks to Jennings County’s Granny Punkbuster’s insightful input

https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1AsHW9zPuw/

Emerging Data Center Concerns

All of Jefferson County Fire Departments operate on a volunteer basis. If a fire were to occur at the proposed data center, an important question arises: who will be responsible for funding and providing the highly specialized training required for our firefighters?

Our volunteers are already stretched thin—many are balancing full-time jobs while serving the community, essentially “burning the candle at both ends.”

Multiple ladder, tower, aerial truck operations would be required in the event of a fire, which Jefferson County does not have. A data center fire is not comparable to a traditional structure fire. These facilities require a complex, multi-layered suppression approach, often involving methods that remove heat and displace oxygen rather than relying on water—which, in certain circumstances, can actually intensify electrical or battery-related fires.

Additionally, the presence of hazardous materials—particularly lithium-ion batteries—introduces further risk. These batteries are notoriously difficult to extinguish due to the potential for thermal runaway, creating prolonged, high-intensity fire events that demand advanced equipment and specialized expertise.

While mutual aid agreements are valuable, they are not an all-encompassing solution. If multiple incidents were to occur simultaneously—such as a residential structure fire elsewhere in the county—there simply may not be sufficient trained personnel or resources to respond effectively to both emergencies.

In short, a facility of this scale and technical complexity would not only place significant strain on our local volunteer department, but could also divert critical resources away from the immediate needs of our community and neighboring jurisdictions.

It appears this planned project at 7.1 million square ft is set to be the second largest data center in the works worldwide.

How many total hundred MW or GW will this fully operational hyperscale data center campus require? Specifically, how much consumption for IT and how much for the building and infrastructure (curiously, this is not included in the preliminary application). 

 

Data Centers and Their Energy Consumption: Frequently Asked Questions

DC Power Draw Diagram

 

 

What power source(s) and infrastructure improvements to the site will be required? What measures are in place to protect the community from bearing the substantial cost of transmission to the site and increased power demands?

Is there enough power to sustain our both our community and a fully operational hyperscale data center of this magnitude?

The JPG project claims to be using a closed loop system. Without providing estimated usage, the applicant makes generalized statements of adequacy and nothing based on the metrics of this specific project. Although a closed loop system may use less water, the process requires more energy to achieving the same cooling effect. Since the project as presented has failed to provide any estimates of energy consumption, we’re caught in a circular argument without any facts specific to this mega project. 

Once this projected data center is fully operational, how many gallons of water are estimated to be used and the percentage from each source?  How many gallons of waste water is estimated to be treated on site and discharged into retention ponds and local creeks?

 

What is a closed loop system?

Amazon Hides Water Consumption?


By far the largest operator of data centers around the globe, Amazon has no legal incentive to share water usage numbers with the public under US law. The $2.4 trillion megacorp has never purposefully disclosed the full extent of its water usage to the public, but has previously been criticized for lying about secondary water use in 2024.

What is the estimated total  projected cost of this completed project?

With up to 50 year tax exemptions and abatements given away like candy to attract these tech giants to Indiana, what benefits will this project return to the community to replace those lost tax revenues? 

WORKFORCE

As for our local workforce, there is no guarantee that any of the 300 highly skilled jobs required to operate the campus will be locally sourced.

JPG specifically raises environmental and land-use questions too, given its military history and wildlife refuge proximity. Any major build there would likely require environmental reviews and possible remediation planning.

Additionally, hyperscale data centers operate on a 24/7 basis requiring huge backup generators that must be cycled on a regular basis and. Emissions from the operation of these generators can exceed EPA and OSHA safe limits.

These facilities require heavy fiber corridors, high-voltage electric lines, road upgrades, and sometimes significant water supply for cooling. Once that infrastructure is built into a rural mega-site, it often opens the door for more industrial development nearby because the expensive groundwork is already done.

Recent Posts

Town Hall

A Town Hall Data Center Discussion by the People for the People. Empowering our community with...
Load More